在 ubuntu 中，利用 dpkg -l 可以看到套件的狀態。
總共有三個欄位。
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
第一個欄位為 desired package state ("selection state")。
- u ... unknown
- i ... install
- r ... remove/deinstall
- p ... purge (remove including config files)
- h ... hold
第二個欄位為 current package state。
- n ... not-installed
- i ... installed
- c ... config-files (only the config files are installed)
- u ... unpacked
- f ... half-configured (configuration failed for some reason)
- h ... half-installed (installation failed for some reason)
- w ... triggers-awaited (package is waiting for a trigger from another package)
- t ... triggers-pending (package has been triggered)
第三個欄位為 error state (you normally should not see a thrid letter)。 * r ... reinst-required (package broken, reinstallation required)
一般來說用 apt-get remove 無法完全移除套件。
因此若出現rc的狀態時，表示套件沒有完全被移除掉，還保有一些設定檔。
如果想要完整移除套件的話，最好是用apt-get purge
當想要完整移除所有狀態為rc的套件時，可以這樣做。
sudo apt-get purge `dpkg -l | grep ^rc | awk '{ print $2 }'`